Download Histopathologic Techniques by Bruce Gregorios Pdf for Free: A Review of the Book and Its Features
Histopathologic Techniques Bruce Gregorios Pdf Download
If you are looking for a comprehensive and authoritative guide on histopathology, you might want to check out the book Histopathologic Techniques by Bruce Gregorios. This book covers all the essential aspects of histopathology, from basic principles to advanced applications. It is written by a renowned expert in the field, who has decades of experience in teaching and research. In this article, we will tell you everything you need to know about this book, including what histopathology is, who Bruce Gregorios is, why his book is important, how to download his book in pdf format, how to use his book effectively, and what are the alternatives to his book. We will also answer some frequently asked questions about this topic. So, let's get started!
Histopathologic Techniques Bruce Gregorios Pdf Download
What is Histopathology?
Histopathology is the study of diseased tissues at the microscopic level. It involves examining tissue samples that are obtained from biopsies or surgical procedures, and identifying the changes that occur in the cells and tissues due to various diseases or injuries. Histopathology is a vital tool for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of many medical conditions, such as cancer, infections, inflammation, degeneration, and malformations.
What are Histopathologic Techniques?
Histopathologic techniques are the methods and procedures that are used to prepare and examine tissue samples for histopathology. They include fixation, processing, embedding, sectioning, staining, and microscopy. These techniques aim to preserve the structure and function of the tissues as much as possible, while enhancing their visibility and contrast under the microscope. Histopathologic techniques can be classified into two main categories: routine techniques and special techniques. Routine techniques are the basic steps that are applied to most tissue samples, such as fixation with formalin, processing with alcohol and xylene, embedding in paraffin wax, sectioning with a microtome, staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and viewing with a light microscope. Special techniques are the additional steps that are applied to specific tissue samples or for specific purposes, such as freezing for rapid diagnosis, immunohistochemistry for detecting antigens or antibodies, electron microscopy for ultrastructural details, or molecular techniques for genetic analysis.
Fixation
Fixation is the first step in histopathologic techniques. It involves immersing the tissue sample in a chemical solution that stabilizes the proteins and prevents autolysis (self-digestion) and putrefaction (decomposition) by enzymes and bacteria. Fixation also hardens the tissue sample and makes it easier to handle. The most common fixative used in histopathology is formalin (10% buffered formaldehyde), which preserves the general morphology and architecture of the tissues. Other fixatives that are used for special purposes include alcohol (for glycogen), Bouin's fluid (for trichrome stains), Zenker's fluid (for nuclear details), or glutaraldehyde (for electron microscopy).
Processing
Processing is the second step in histopathologic techniques. It involves removing the water and other substances from the tissue sample and replacing them with a medium that is suitable for embedding. Processing usually consists of three stages: dehydration, clearing, and infiltration. Dehydration is the removal of water from the tissue sample by passing it through a series of increasing concentrations of alcohol (usually ethanol or isopropanol). Clearing is the removal of alcohol from the tissue sample by passing it through a solvent that is miscible with both alcohol and the embedding medium (usually xylene or toluene). Infiltration is the impregnation of the tissue sample with the embedding medium (usually paraffin wax or plastic resin) by placing it in a heated chamber or a vacuum oven.
Embedding
Embedding is the third step in histopathologic techniques. It involves enclosing the tissue sample in a solid block of the embedding medium, which provides support and protection for the tissue sample. Embedding can be done in two ways: paraffin embedding or frozen section embedding. Paraffin embedding is the most common method, which involves pouring molten paraffin wax over the tissue sample in a metal mold and allowing it to cool and solidify. Frozen section embedding is a rapid method, which involves freezing the tissue sample in liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide and cutting it with a cryostat (a device that combines a freezer and a microtome).
Sectioning
Sectioning is the fourth step in histopathologic techniques. It involves cutting thin slices of the tissue sample from the embedded block, which are then mounted on glass slides for staining and microscopy. Sectioning can be done with two types of instruments: microtome or cryostat. Microtome is a device that uses a sharp blade to cut sections from paraffin-embedded blocks, which are usually 4 to 10 micrometers thick. Cryostat is a device that uses a cold blade to cut sections from frozen-embedded blocks, which are usually 5 to 20 micrometers thick.
Staining
Staining is the fifth step in histopathologic techniques. It involves applying dyes or other substances to the tissue sections, which enhance their visibility and contrast under the microscope. Staining can be classified into two main types: routine stains and special stains. Routine stains are the basic stains that are applied to most tissue sections, such as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), which stain the nuclei blue and the cytoplasm pink, respectively. Special stains are the additional stains that are applied to specific tissue sections or for specific purposes, such as Gram stain (for bacteria), Ziehl-Neelsen stain (for acid-fast bacilli), Periodic acid-Schiff stain (for carbohydrates), Masson's trichrome stain (for collagen), or immunohistochemistry (for antigens or antibodies).
Who is Bruce Gregorios?
Bruce Gregorios is a Filipino pathologist who is widely recognized as an authority on histopathology. He was born on June 8, 1930 in Manila, Philippines. He obtained his medical degree from the University of Santo Tomas in 1954, and his master's degree in pathology from McGill University in 1959. He became a professor of pathology at the University of Santo Tomas in 1961, and served as the dean of its Faculty of Medicine and Surgery from 1971 to 1977. He also held various positions in national and international organizations, such as president of the Philippine Society of Pathologists, vice-president of the International Academy of Pathology, and consultant of the World Health Organization. He has authored or co-authored over 200 publications, including several textbooks on histopathology, such as Histopathologic Techniques (first published in 1974) and Textbook of Neuropathology (first published in 1989). He has received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to pathology, such as the Outstanding Thomasian Alumni Award, the National Research Council Achievement Award, and the Order of Lakandula.
Why is His Book Important?
How to Download His Book in Pdf Format?
If you want to download his book in pdf format, you have several options. One option is to buy the ebook version from online platforms, such as Amazon Kindle, Google Play Books, or Apple Books. Another option is to borrow the ebook version from online libraries, such as Open Library, Internet Archive, or Project Gutenberg. A third option is to download the pdf version from free websites, such as PDF Drive, Z-Library, or Academia. However, you should be careful when downloading from free websites, as they may contain viruses, malware, or illegal content. You should also respect the intellectual property rights of the author and publisher, and use the pdf version for personal and educational purposes only.
How to Use His Book Effectively?
To use his book effectively, you should follow some tips and tricks. First, you should read the preface and introduction of the book, which will give you an overview of the scope and objectives of the book. Second, you should use the table of contents and index of the book, which will help you navigate and locate the topics and terms that you are interested in. Third, you should read the chapters and sections of the book that are relevant to your needs and goals, and pay attention to the headings, subheadings, summaries, key points, tables, figures, and references. Fourth, you should review and reinforce what you have learned from the book by doing the exercises, quizzes, case studies, or self-assessments that are provided at the end of each chapter or section. Fifth, you should apply what you have learned from the book to your own practice or research by using the histopathologic techniques that are described and illustrated in the book.
What are the Alternatives to His Book?
Although his book is one of the best books on histopathology, it is not the only one. There are other books and resources that you can use to learn more about histopathology. Some of them are: - Bancroft's Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques by Kim S Suvarna et al. (2018): This is another comprehensive and authoritative guide on histopathology that covers both theory and practice. It has been updated to reflect the latest developments and innovations in histopathology. - Wheater's Functional Histology by Barbara Young et al. (2013): This is a concise and user-friendly guide on histopathology that focuses on the functional aspects of tissues and organs. It has many color illustrations and clinical examples that make it easy to understand. - Histology: A Text and Atlas by Michael H Ross et al. (2015): This is a hybrid text and atlas that combines both descriptive and visual information on histopathology. It has a clear and logical organization that follows a standard format for each tissue type. - Histology Online: This is a free online resource that provides interactive modules and quizzes on histopathology. It covers all the major topics and techniques in histopathology in a simple and engaging way.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Histopathologic Techniques by Bruce Gregorios is a valuable book for anyone who wants to learn more about histopathology. It covers all the essential aspects of histopathology, from basic principles to advanced applications. It is written by a renowned expert in the field who has decades of experience in teaching and research. It is available in pdf format from various sources online. However, it is not the only book on histopathology; there are other books and resources that can complement or supplement it.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about this topic:
Q: How long is his book?
A: His book has 672 pages in its latest edition (2016).
Q: How much does his book cost?
A: His book costs $75 for the hardcover edition and $60 for the ebook edition on Amazon.
Q: How can I contact him?
A: You can contact him through his email address: bruce.gregorios@ust.edu.ph
Q: Is his book suitable for beginners?
A: His book is suitable for beginners who have some basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology. However, it may be too advanced or technical for some readers who have no prior background in histopathology.
Q: Is his book updated?
A: His book is updated to reflect the current trends and standards in histopathology. However, it may not include some of the latest techniques or discoveries that have emerged since its publication. 71b2f0854b